Материал: Types of Movable Bridges. задания по английскому языку для студентов-магистрантов направления подготовки 08.04.01 «Строительство». Мордовцева Т.В., Зотова М.М

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Fig. 14. Other forces acting on truss bridges

Word List

strength-to-weight ratio - отношение предела прочности к массе cost-effective – доходный, прибыльный, рентабельный lattice-work – решетчатая ферма

rigidityжесткость, твердость

to dissipate – рассеивать, разгонять tension forces - сила [усилие] натяжения tension – напряженное состояние pilings – забивка свай

pin – прикреплять node – узел

snap - защёлка; (клепальная) обжимка; зажим

intermediate fixing – промежуточная закрепление (фиксация) take-up – натяжное приспособление

construction material - строительный материал simplicity of construction простоте строительства flexible - податливый

elastic - упругий

trestle forms - в форме эстакады

a braced framework of timbersжесткая деревянная рамная конструкция to carry roads or railroadsподдержание автодорожного или железнодорожного полотна plentiful - изобилующий, изобильный, обильный

depression - оседание, понижение; углубление 3) выбоина (дороги) ; впадина,

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UNIT 4

PREFABRICATED STEEL BRIDGE SYSTEMS

I. Read the text. Choose from the list A-E the headlines which best suit each part of the text that follows. There is an extra headline which you do not need to use.

A – Emergency bridge B – Temporary bridge C - Permanent bridge D -Beam bridge

С - Prefabricated Steel Bridge

Title: _____________________________________

1. prefabricated steel bridges are utilized to divert traffic during bridge repair, rehabilitation, construction, or replacement. These bridges are installed as a temporary structure during construction and then disassembled and stored until used again as a temporary structure. (fig. 15).

Fig. 15

2.Title:_______________________________________________

…bridges also are needed from a security standpoint, and due to man-made nonterrorist hazards like ship impact, truck impact, fire, and blast. Natural disasters such as hurricanes, mudslides, fires, and tornados can destroy a bridge by washout or collapse. Typical prefabricated bridges can be erected much faster than the time of constructing a cast-in-place structure. Moreover, with the increased threat to our nation's infrastructure due to terrorism, these systems could be utilized in a time of national emergency. (fig. 16).

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Fig. 16

Title________________________________________________

It was built as the third permanent bridge across the Neva between 1897 and 1903 by the French firm "Batignolles". It is 582 meters long and 23.6 meters wide.

Former names of the bridge are Equality Bridge (Russian: мост Равенства, 19181934), and Kirovsky Bridge(fig. 17).

Fig. 17

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4 Title___________________________________

:.… structure requires a design service life of 75 years. A major objective of this study is to provide recommendations that will increase the use of prefabricated steel bridges as permanent bridges. The systems in use today have evolved greatly from the original designs conceived over 60 years ago. Today, the designs are longer, wider, stronger, and more durable. Allowance for the rapid replacement of decks or entire superstructures makes the prefabricated bridge industry an attractive option. Also, as they gain widespread acceptance and use, mass production of the systems will make them more economical.

I.Are the sentences True or false? Correct those which are wrong.

T/F

A permanent structure are utilized to divert traffic during bridge repair, rehabilitation, construction, or replacement

Typical prefabricated bridges can be erected much faster than the time of constructing a cast-in-place structure

The systems in use today have evolved over75 years.

The temporary bridges are installed much faster than the time of constructing a cast-in-place structure.

II. Find English equivalents in the text, using the word list in the unit. привлечение заводского производства ________________________________

обеспечение комплектующими _______________________________________

изготовленные на заводе (готовые) ___________________________________

массовое производство _____________________________________________

временные затраты на строительство __________________________________

экономическая выгода ______________________________________________

проектировщики – новаторы _______________________________________

изготовление цельных сборных конструкций пролетных строений сборные составные блоки __________________________________________

содержание транспортного контроля __________________________________

плиты настила (ездовым полотном) __________________________________

стройплощадка ___________________________________________________

возведенные на месте ______________________________________________

полоса отвода моста _______________________________________________

управление проектами ______________________________________________

время строительства на площадке _____________________________________

обходные пути _____________________________________________________

перевозка товаров __________________________________________________

The involvement of the prefabrication industry in steel bridge construction is primarily in providing components that are prefabricated in a factory. Through mass

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production and reduction of on-site construction time, economical benefits are most often achieved.

Innovative bridge designers and builders are finding ways to prefabricate entire segments of the superstructure. Prefabricated composite units include steel elements prefabricated with a composite deck, transported to the project site, and then erected in place. Prefabricated systems could also be constructed in the right-of-way along side of the bridge and then lifted into place. Such prefabrication offers advantages of easier constructability, reduced on-site construction time and therefore reduced maintenance of traffic control and detours to the traveling public and transportation of goods.

IV.Translate the text from ex. I about the permanent bridges from English into Russian in written form.

V.Name the main peculiarities which differ one bridge described in the text from another. Do it orally.

Word List

allowance - денежное содержание, учёт; допуск, поправка (при измерении) benefit – выгода, прибыль

blast – сильный порыв ветра

collapse - продольный изгиб; сплющивание; разрушение , потеря устойчивости components - комплектующие

composite - составной conceive – постигать, понимать

constructability - управление проектами - detours - обходные пути, объезд disassemble - демонтировать, разбирать

divert – отводить, отклонять; изменять маршрут durable – надежный, прочный

emergency bridge – вспомогательный (аварийный ) мост entire – целый, полный

erectустанавливать, возводить goods товаров

hazards - опасность, риск; опасное положение hurricanes - ураган

installустанавливать maintenance содержание

mass production - массовое производство mudslides - оползень

permanent bridge – постоянный (высоководный) мост prefabricate – изготавливать заводским способом project site - стройплощадка

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