Материал: ИздательствоПетербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра IISBNГод2016Страниц30. Management. Методические указания для студентов I курса факультета «Экономика и менеджмент» (на английском языке)

UNIT 6 LEVELS OF MANAGEMNT

Read the text and answer the questions/complete the tasks (1-8)below.

Managers are traditionally classified within three categories, depending on a level they work on. Top managers work on a strategic (institutional) level, which is the highest organisational level. They have such titles as President, Director, Chairman or Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Top managers are responsible for the organisation as a whole or for a large segment of it. They control the work of the organisation, make major decisions and long-range plans and support relations with the outside world.

Another group of managers is middle managers, working on a managerial (tactical) level. They are often in charge of a large unit of an organisation, having many subordinates under them. Middle managers’ titles include plant manager, operations manager, department head, dean (in a university college), and branch manager. They are responsible for carrying out the policies and plans formulated by top managers. They make day-to-day decisions which help the organisation run effectively. They also supervise the activities of the first-line (supervisory) managers, working on a technical (operational) level. Some typical titles of this level are foreman, shift boss, supervisor, sergeant/sector head, and office manager. They are usually responsible for operations and activities required for efficient production or services.

1. How are managers traditionally classified? 2. Give examples of top managers. 3. What are top managers responsible for? 4. What are middle managers in charge of? 5. Give some examples of middle managers’ titles. 6. What are their typical responsibilities? 7. What do middle managers supervise? 8. Give some examples of first line managers’ titles.

Exercise 1 Complete the following sentences using suitable words or phrases

for the box below.

1. The group of people working below the top managers are generally called ... 2.

Most organisations function on three ... . 3. ... is the creator and chief executive of

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a business enterprise. 4. ... officially represent the organisation to the external environment by meeting with government officials, executives of other organisations and so on. 5. Middle managers coordinate the activities of the ... . 6.

... have workers-nonmanagers as subordinates. 7. Managers get work done through

... .

Exercise 2 Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to

comparatives and superlatives.

1. Those who occupy the highest level in management jobs tend to have the broadest responsibilities and the widest network of interactions. 2. Top managers spend less time in actual operating situations and are concerned with broader aspects of the organisation. 3. Many big companies today select their brightest and most capable young employees to make them the top managers of tomorrow. 4. It is the most effective style of decision making, yet the riskiest. 5. The higher the risk you take, the more money you could make.

Exercise 3 Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to

the predicates containing should, would.

1.If we could get food, clothes and shelter without working, we probably would not work. 2. In any business it is important that managers should be effective.

3. She called the boss to tell him that she would have finished the work in two weeks. 4. He should find out whether it would be possible to open up a new market in another country. 5. I wouldn’t be here if I hadn’t an appointment.

6. Neither the Great Wall of China nor the Parthenon would have been built without planning, organising, leading and controlling. 7. If we had installed the new equipment we would have received more profit. 8. Many common business practices would be called dishonest by the man in the street. 9. Had you enough time, money and energy you would be able to make any person an effective first-

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line manager. 10. Should the new system not work as expected, manager would

begin to worry.

REVIEW AND DISCUSSION POINTS

1.What is the difference between the managers’ jobs at the top, middle and firstline levels at the university you attend?

UNIT 7 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

Read the text and answer the questions/complete the tasks (1-7) below.

In order to attain its objectives effectively each organisation must be divided into smaller working units, called departments or divisions.

At the head of an organisation is usually the Board of Directors elected by the shareholders. The Board plans the strategy of the organisation and makes major decisions. It is headed by the Chairman or General Director (President in the USA), who is accountable to the Board and shareholders. The Board selects the Managing Director (American terms: Senior Vice President or Chief Executive Officer) who is responsible for the day-to-day running of the company in accordance with the policy agreed by the Board. The Managing Director is supported by Directors (Vice-Presidents), responsible for the running of large segments of work of the organisation. The most important of them are Production (Manufacturing) Director, Sales and Marketing Director, Financial Director.

Directors (Vice-Presidents) are assisted by Managers (Directors), who are at the head of divisions or departments. Production Department, headed by Production Manager, takes care of goods production. Marketing Department, headed by Marketing Manager, takes care of market investigations. Sales Department, headed by Sales Manager, takes care of selling goods. Financial Department, headed by Financial Manager, takes care of payments. These are the main departments with line functions.

Departments with staff functions include R&D Department, headed by R&D Manager; Accounts Department, headed by the Chief Accountant; Personnel Department, headed by Personnel (Human Resource) Manager.

There may be other departments in a company: Quality Control Department, Legal Department, Advertising Department, Logistics Department; several departments may work under one Director.

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Departments are divided into sections.

1. What is the purpose of dividing organisations into working units? 2. Describe the role of the Board of Directors. 3. Who is the Board of Directors headed by? 4. What is the difference between the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer? 5. Compare the role of the Managing Director and Directors. 6. Describe the functions of: Production Department, Marketing Department, Sales Department, and Financial Department. 7. Give examples of departments with staff functions. How do they differ from departments with line functions? 8. What other departments may there be in a company?

Exercise 1 Complete the following sentences using suitable words or phrases

from the box below.

1. ... is a person of high rank in an organisation usually next in importance to the

Chairman. 2. ... takes care of new product development. 3. The work of the ...

stretches from the point of recruitment to the point of retirement and, in some companies even beyond these two points. 4. A group of people elected by the shareholders to run a company is called ... . 5. In small companies the ... is often responsible for far more than keeping the books and looking after the cash flow.

6. A business organisation is a system composed of different… .

Exercise 2 Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to

the Infinitives.

1. To be successful, managers have to know what the customer market wants. 2. Since an organisation has a variety of tasks to be performed, its employees must be divided into groups to perform them. 3. Because of unemployment, people have less money to spend and save. 4. To solve this problem, top management developed a single integrated financial information system. 5. This problem was

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simple to recognise yet difficult to solve. 6. Some customers saw this company as a newcomer not to be trusted. 7. A Personnel Manager should always be available to give advice on personal matters to any employee. 8. The price to be paid was in the buyer’s currency. 9. The topic to be discussed at the meeting was how we can get public servants to be motivated to do a good job. 10. The lesson to be learned is that good plans do not automatically lead to desired results.

Exercise 3 Translate the following sentences into Russian paying attention to

The Infinitive Constructions.

1.Each employee is sure to know his job title and place in the organisation.

2.The Managing Director is supposed to run the organisation. 3. The Company

Secretary wants the Board to have information about the Company’s trading position. 4. Managers are said to plan, organise and control. 5. The Managing Director expected the Personnel Manager to make the plan of training employees. 6. Most people think conflicts in a company to be bad. 7. The employees of major Japanese corporations are known to spend their entire careers in one and the same company.

Exercise 4 Translate the following sentences paying attention to Conjunctions.

1. In order to attain its objectives effectively each organisation must be divided into departments. 2. Since all entrepreneurs select the objectives of an organisation and run it at the beginning, they can be called managers in the broad sense. 3. Although conflict can be a major problem, certain kinds of conflicts may be useful. 4. If an applicant has the right qualifications and abilities he might be invited for a job interview. 5. Temporary employment is cheaper for a company, as many fringe benefits (дополнительные надбавки к зарплате) do not have to be paid. 6. Human Resource Management is called the backbone of an organisation because it provides the human capital without which it is impossible to do business.

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