Материал: Учебник Самара Самарский государственный технический университет 2021

b) Translate the sentences using verbs with prepositions from (a).1. Наш университет готовит специалистов для всех отраслей промышленности.2. В настоящее время наш отдел работает над новым проектом.3. Студенты проводят исследования во многих отраслях.4. Сотрудники нашего отдела превращают научные разработки в коммерческие проекты.5. Она с легкостью сдала свой последний экзамен.6. Инженеры должны взаимодействовать с командой для решения сложных задач.7. Хорошее образование поможет вам добиться успеха в жизни.8. Степень бакалавра требуется для многих инженерных должностей.12. Read an extract from a job description for an electronic engineer and write requirements for your future profession.Electronic engineers are highly sought after, well rewarded and can be found in practically every branch of industry and commerce. Scope and responsibilitiesThe Senior Electronics Design Engineer will be responsible for enhancing and supporting the entire electronic design process, including, but not limited to:

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  electronic product development from design to production release
  
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  electronic design, analysis and testing of new products from product specification, producing electronic prototypes and preparation of all necessary design documentation
  
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  firmware design for electronic devices
  
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  electronic circuit design and board layout for very small devices and instruments
  
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  accurate project and design documentation
  
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  interfacing closely with marketing to create and develop products according to customer needs
  
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  interacting with contract engineers that support product development
  
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  developing and maintaining vendor selection and involvement to ensure the highest quality products
  
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  obtaining necessary product approvals and communicating progress throughout the design process
  
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  providing technical support for new and existing products in manufacturing and in the field
  
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  producing design schedules
  
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  staffing and operating an electronics lab
  

13. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.1. I have too much work to do so I can’t go out with you tonight.onlyIf ______ so much work, I could go out with you tonight.2. They ought to tell us what the new timetable is.aboutIt ______ us what the new timetable is.3. Please don’t copy my answers! ratherI ______ copy my answers!4. She needs to get a scholarship in order to go to that college.ifShe could go to that college ______ a scholarship.5. I don’t like living so far from the university. closerI wish ______ college.6. I regret not buying that book you recommended.onlyIf ______ that book you recommended.7. You don’t pay enough attention in class. wishI ______ attention in class.8. You’d better start revising for the exam! timeIt’s ______ revising for the exam.9. Maybe my dream will come true and I’ll go to Cambridge!ifWhat ______ true and I went to Cambridge!10. I think you should do your homework on your own from now on.highIt ______ your homework on your own.14. Use the correct tense of the verb.1. If you ______ (want) to do research in any of areas, or make new findings, you will need a Master’s and a PhD because ongoing training is crucial for engineers.

2. You ______(live)close to campus with your family, if the college system utilized credit units.3. If students live and pay taxes in the particular US state, they ______ (pay) lower tuition fee than out-of-state residents do.4. The UK universities ______ (offer) bursaries, if students are eligible for financial help.5. If the exchange program ______ (be) in an overseas institution, students would get the benefit of experiencing life in a different country, living in a different culture or among several cultures, learning a foreign language.6. Engineers would have obtained graduate degrees, if they ______ (want) to learn new technology and broaden their education.7. You ______ (get) a place at the UK University, if you had good A-level results in at least two subjects.15. Watch a video “Raise the Bar for Engineering” – Extended Version https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JukurryDh74 and match the speaker and his / her words.

1. Wayne Clough, PhD, PE	a) We need to change licensing requirements and raise the bar because the challenges that engineers face today are so much more complex than they have been in the past.
2. Norman Augustine, PE	b) More and more engineers are looking for additional class work looking for the master’s degree.
3. Christine Andersen, PE	c) You really have to redesign the entire process.
4. Jennifer Epp, PE	d) It’s at the public’s interest that we make the master’s degree the basic theory of the engineering profession.
5. Ken Fridley, PhD, PE	e) The public expectation as well as employer expectations are much broader and deeper for the engineering graduates today.

16. Refer to the sites www.careerprofiles.info, www.prospects.ac.uk, find three or four possible professions in your field and summarize education requirements to get the position.UNIT 6. RUSSIAN NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS1. Connect with the topic.

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  What do you know about Alfred Nobel?
  
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  What do you know about the Nobel Prize?
  
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  How often are the prizes awarded?
  
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  Which nominations are there?
  
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  When did the award start?
  
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  Who was the first Russian Nobel prizewinner?
  
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  What is the most often awarded prize for Russians?
  

2. Match the words with their meaning:

1) recognized	a) the physics of atomic nuclei and their interactions
2) to train	b) to cause something to happen or exist, to produce as an effect
3) discovery	c) to complete a course at a university
4) contribution	d) finding something
5) to result in	e) a solid substance that has a conductivity between that of an insulator and that of most metals
6) nuclear physics	f) notable, distinguished, honored
7) to influence	g) to have an effect on behaviour or situation
8) violence	h) to teach a person to do something which is difficult or needs practice
9) to graduate	i) something that you give or do together with others
10) semiconductor	j) behavior which is intended to hurt, injure, or kill people

3. Fill in the gaps using the words from Ex. 2.1. The 20^th century is known for world-shaking ________.2. ________ are widely used in electrical engineering.3. Who ________ the choice of your career?4. It is better to buy goods from a ________ dealer.5. This scientist is known for his ________ research.6. The university ________ qualified specialists.7. Global warming ________ disastrous ecological changes.8. The government used ________ to break up the demonstration.9. Andrei Sakharov was awarded a prize for his ________ to world peace.10. Bill Gates ________ from Harvard University.4. On the basis of the text complete the table. Use the Internet sources and add three more Nobel Prize winners.

Name	Date	Discovery	Co-winners

Russian Nobel Prize Winners in Physics and ChemistryBecause of its long history of supporting scientific research and education, Russia has produced a number of internationally recognized leaders in physics and chemistry. The Russian Academy of Sciences (or the USSR Academy of Sciences, as it was called before 1991), played a major part in all their careers. With one exception, all were members of the Academy, carrying out their research and publishing their finding with the Academy’s support.S emyonov N.N.In 1956, Nikolay N. Semyonov was 1^st Russian to receive a Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his research into the mechanism of chemical reactions. He was trained as a physicist and chemist. During his career, working alone or with other distinguished scientists like Pyotr L. Kapitsa, he made many important discoveries and contributions to chemistry and physics. In 1931, Semyonov became the first director of the Institute of Chemical Physics of the Academy and was also one of the founders of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT).Cherenkov P.A. Tamm I.Y. Frank I.M.The collaboration of Pavel A. Cherenkov, Igor Y. Tamm and Ilya M. Frank resulted in the discovery and description of the Cherenkov – Vavilov effect, a phenomenon which is very important in nuclear physics. For their work they received the Nobel Prize in 1958. All three of the scientists were professors at universities and the Academy’s institutes and greatly influenced future generations of scientists.Landau L.D.After receiving his doctoral degree from Leningrad University at the exceptionally young age of 19, Lev D. Landau went on to study abroad. When he returned to Russia, he became head of two of the Academy’s institutes. Like Semyonov, he was also involved in founding the MIPT. He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1962, for his phenomenological theory of superfluidity in helium.

Basov N.G. Prokhorov A.M.Nikolay G. Basov and Aleksandr M. Prokhorov worked together on a project which led to the development of the laser and their receiving the 1964 Nobel Prize. Both worked at the Lebedev Institute of Physics (Basov was the Director from 1973–1988) and also taught at universities. Even though Prokhorov never became a member of the Academy, the Academy’s General Physics Institute was renamed after the A. M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute in his honour.K apitsa P.L.Pyotr L. Kapitsa went to England after he had completed his studies at Petrograd Polytechnic Institute. He studied at Cambridge and also worked on various projects there. He returned to Russia in 1934 and continued his career there. He was also one of the founders of the MIPT. In addition, Kapitsa was a member of the Soviet National Committee of the Pugwash movement, a group of international scientists who wanted to use science for the good of humankind and not for violence and war. Kapitsa won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1978, for his work on low-temperature physics.Alferov Z.I.Zhores I. Alferov has been active in physics since graduating from the Electrotechnical Institute in Leningrad. He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2000, for the development of the semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed electronics and optoelectronics.Ginsburg V.L. Abrikosov A.A.More recently, Russian Nobel Prize winners in 2003 were Vitaly L. Ginsburg and Alexei A. Abrikosov. Ginsburg, who holds a doctoral degree from Moscow State University, became the director of the Academy’s Physics Institute after Igor Tamm. Ginsburg was influenced by Landau, with whom he had worked, and by Tamm, who had been his teacher. Alexei Abrikosov was educated at Moscow State University. He worked at the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics for over 20 years (1965–1988) and also taught at Moscow State University during that time. They received the Nobel Prize for Physics for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids. 5. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.Вести исследования; публиковать результаты (исследования); получить нобелевскую премию; делать важные открытия; основатели университета; докторская степень; закончить обучение; развитие чего-либо; теория о; работать над проектом; стать главой чего-либо; различные виды работ; быть переименованным; основная часть; за исключением; поддержка; вклад; сотрудничество; описание; поколение; включать (вовлекать); назвать в честь кого-либо; завершать; высокоскоростной.

6. a) Match the words to get word combinations:

1) scientific	a) degree
2) recognized	b) physics
3) doctoral	c) prize
4) study	d) research
5) theoretical	e) reaction
6) receive	f) leader
7) chemical	g) part
8) major	h) abroad

b) Fill in the gaps using the words from (a) and answer the questions.1. How do you spend the major ________ of your time?2. What is necessary for receiving the ________ degree?3. Does your university provide laboratories to carry out ________ reactions?4. What course do students study theoretical ________ at?5. Where can students conduct their ________ research?6. Have you ________ any prizes?7. Would you like to take a gap year to study ________?8. What ________ leaders in your specialty can you name?7. Are the statements True or False?

1. 
   All Russian Nobel prizewinners were members of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
   
2. 
   N.N. Semyonov was the first Russian to receive a Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
   
3. 
   The Cherenkov – Vavilov effect is very important in theoretical physics.
   
4. 
   Pavel A. Cherenkov, Igor Y. Tamm and Ilya M. Frank have no influence on other scientists.
   
5. 
   Lev D. Landau received his doctoral degree abroad.
   
6. 
   Nikolay G. Basov and Aleksandr M. Prokhorov shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1964.
   
7. 
   Pyotr L. Kapitsa was a member of the Soviet National Committee of the Pugwash movement.
   
8. 
   Zhores I. Alferov got higher education in Moscow.
   
9. 
   Tamm was Ginsburg’s teacher.
   

10. Vitaly L. Ginsburg and Alexei A. Abrikosov received the Nobel Prize for Physics for contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids. 8. Answer the questions using the information from the text.1. Do you think it is a good idea to award prizes to scientists for their work? Why?2. How many Nobel Prize winners were members of the Academy?3. Which scientists were among those who founded the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology?4. Which scientists, apart from Lev Landau, had things or places named after them?5. Which scientists left the country to further their studies?6. Who was the director of the Academy’s Physics Institute before Vitaly Ginsburg?7. What does the Nobel Prize represent?8. Why do you think it’s such a prestigious award? 9. a) Match the verbs with prepositions:

1) to carry	a) from
2) to result	b) in
3) to involve	c) down
4) to write	d) on
5) to lead	e) out
6) to work	f) in
7) to graduate	g) to

b) Translate the sentences using verbs with prepositions from (a):1. Разработки ученых привели к новым открытиям.2. Ученый тщательно записывал результаты всех своих опытов.