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Words to remember

-access – доступ; подход

-accessible – доступный; достижимый

-to undergo discomfort and difficulty – преодолевать неудобство и трудности

-remote corners of the world – отдаленные уголки мира

-handicraft – ремесло, ручная работа; искусство ремесленника

-ski slopes – лыжные склоны

-to gamble – играть в азартные игры

-scuba diving – подводное плавание с аквалангом

-to devise – задумывать; придумывать; изобретать

-personalized tour – индивидуальный тур

-amusement park – парк с аттракционами

-thrill ride – аттракцион со специальными эффектами для катания

-gourmet – гурман

-tour package – тур, комплексное обслуживание всей туристической поездки

-familiarity – обыденность; привычность

-boredom – скука

-survey – опрос; обследование

-customs duty – таможенная пошлина

-independent traveler – турист-индивидуал

Reading

Read the text, then look through the comprehension exercises and speak on the text.

Tourist Attractions and Entertainment

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many charms. People travel for any number of reasons, and there are numerous attractions that appeal to a wide variety of tastes.

In addition to being major business centers, the large cities offer attractions and entertainments for all kinds of people. Cultural events occur frequently, including theatrical and operatic performances, concerts, ballet, and art exhibitions, to name a few. There is also a great variety of night life in urban centers to choose from, and there is also a wide selection of restaurants. Shopping is an attraction for many visitors, whether in the great department stores of New York and Tokyo or in the boutiques of Paris and London.

The big cities also offer a unique atmosphere and history. One of the advantages of the big cities is their ability to absorb large number of tourists. These cities have an existing infrastructure that is capable of caring for the needs of millions of people; and many of the attractions that tourists visit have been developed primarily for the benefit

of the inhabitants. Therefore, tourism is an economic plus for many big cities because it increases income from existing facilities, both public and private.

The large cities of course do not have a monopoly on architectural or historical monuments. Smaller towns and rural areas throughout the world have attractions of

this kind that tourists visit. One excellent example is Machu Picchu, the lost city of the Incas in Peru, remote and difficult to reach area. In spite of the difficulty of access, it is visited by many tourists every year.

Natural scenery has always been an attraction for tourists. Millions of people have visited Niagara Falls, for example. Its reputation as a place for a honeymoon is worldfamous. The hardier species of tourist will travel further and undergo discomfort and difficulty just to look at beautiful or unusual scenery in the remote corners of the world

– a glimpse of Mount Everest, for example, or of the Angel Falls in Venezuela.

In connection with the big cities, we mentioned shopping as a tourist attraction, but urban centers are not the only tourist destinations that concentrate on this activity. Hong Kong is perhaps the most famous example. Hong Kong is of course a large city and commercial center, but its principal draw for tourists has been the bargains offered in its shops. Shopping has been made a tourist magnet by government policy in some places. Virgin Islands is a free port where buyers can purchase goods from all over the

world without paying customs duties. Handicrafts also appeal to touring shoppers in many places. In fact, the souvenir shop that sells this kind of merchandise is as much a feature of the most tourist areas as a hotel.

Holiday resorts usually attract tourists because of their sunny beaches, their snowcovered ski slopes, or their championship golf courses. In addition, they frequently

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offer other kinds of entertainment to their guests. Many of the resorts give instruction in scuba diving combined with visits to coral reefs.

A cruise ship is a floating hotel, one that the passengers cannot leave outside a port. Most cruises therefore try to keep up a party atmosphere throughout the voyage, with games, dancing, costume parties, gambling, and whatever other activities can be devised within a rather limited space. Entertainers are often hired for the entire trip,

and they are often big-name performers. Most cruise ships employ a social director whose job includes involving all of the passengers in the activities that are offered.

Another modern development is the amusement park, a carnival with a variety of games, thrill rides, magic shows, and other kinds of entertainment. It occupies a fixed location rather moving from place to place, as old-time carnivals did. A recent development is the theme park, an amusement park that is designed around a unifying concept. The two huge Disney enterprises, Disneyland in California and Disney World

in Florida, are the most successful examples of this kind of created tourist attraction. From a commercial point of view, they have the enormous advantage in that they are designed to appeal to entire family groups rather than to any particular age level.

The majority of tourists nowadays, however, travel in groups, with their entertainment and sightseeing included in the package. Many tour groups are formed around some kind of special purpose, such as eating a series of meals at the leading gourmet restaurants in France. All the meals – and the local transportation to and from them – would be included in the tour package, in addition to the standard features of air fare, transfer, and accommodations.

The tours that are put together for resort holidays rather than special groups often offer some entertainment and sightseeing in the package as an added inducement.

The sightseeing business is another part of the tourist industry that has grown rapidly in recent years. It includes selecting the sights that would appeal to tourists and then providing transportation, guides, meals, and often opportunities for shopping. Some of

the tours are part of the total travel service that is offered by such companies as Cook

and American Express. A good deal of the excursion business, however, involves local enterprises whose services are sold through representatives in the tourist hotels or travel agents in the area. A large number of sightseeing trips are part-day or one-day excursions to local points of interest. The usual mode of transportation is a bus. A guide

has a prepared talk during which he gives information about the sights that will be visited, but he must also be able to answer questions and deal with human problems that may arise. If the tour occupies a full day, meals are prearranged at a hotel or restaurant.

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