Материал: Сибирский государственный университет телекоммуникаций и информатики

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XIV. Combine words from Box A with words from Box B to make collocations.


A

impurity

outer

covalent

crystal

atomic

heat

B

shells

bond

atom

sensor

structure

particle





XV. Connect the words with their definitions.


  1. impurity 6. particle

  2. nucleus 7. shell

  3. proton 8. atom

  4. neutron 9. doping

5. resistance 10. electron

11. hole


a) a very small piece of a substance with a positive electric charge that forms part of the nucleus.

b) a very small piece of a substance with a negative electric charge found in all atoms.

c) a vacancy in the crystal structure of a semiconductor that is able to attract an electron.

d) an element such as boron that is added to silicon to produce a semiconductor with desirable electrical qualities.

e) the central and relatively small part of an atom that is made up of protons and neutrons.

f) a particle in the nucleus of an atom that has no electrical charge and a mass roughly equal to that of the proton.

g) the process of introducing minute amount of material into a silicon to produce n-type or p-type semiconductors in the making of transistors, integrated circuits and other semiconductor devices.

h) the smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist alone.

i) the outer structure or layer of something.

j) a force that stops something moving or makes it move more slowly.

k) a very small piece of matter, such as an electron or proton, that is part of an atom.



XVI Complete each sentence with a word from the box


impurity, particle, electrons, shells, doping, resistance, holes, atom, protons, nucleus


    1. In fact, the neutron and proton have about equal masses whereas the mass of an electron is about 2000 times smaller than either ….

2. The main reason semiconductor materials are so useful is that the behaviour of a semiconductor can be easily manipulated by the addition of impurities, known as…

3. A semiconductor without … is called a natural semiconductor.

4. In a crystal of pure silicon, each of the four outer “valence” electrons forms a covalent bond with an electron from a neighbouring silicon ….

5. The electrons in a model of a silicon structure are arranged in what are known as … surrounding the nucleus.

6. Electrical … is a measure of the ease (or difficulty) with which electrical current is able to flow through a material.

7. There are no free … available in a crystalline structure to make silicon conduct electricity and so it is an insulator.

8. The flow of … can be likened to the movement of an empty seat in a row of a theatre seat.

9. Electrical insulators contain electrons that are more strongly bound to the parent … and therefore free electrons are scarce.

10. A model of a silicon atom has fourteen electrons surrounding a nucleus containing fourteen … and fourteen neutrons.


XVII. Form the correct verb from the word in bold using suffixes: -en, -ise, -ify, or prefix en-.


1. I think you should … (large) some of the photographs.

2. The teacher should … (simple) the information so that everybody understands it.

3. They are planning to … (modern) the factory and buy new machinery.

4. They boiled the water in order to… (pure) it.

5. The council has decided to … (wide) the main road into the city centre.

6. The government promised to … (broad) access to higher education.

7. The study of science … (rich) all our life.

8. Please, ... (close) all translated words in brackets.

9. My parents always … (courage) me in my choice of career.

10. Nothing could … (weak) his determination to continue.


XVIII. Fill in the correct preposition (in, on, to, from, for, of, with).


    1. The electrical charge … a proton is equal and opposite … the charge … the electron, making the normal hydrogen atom electrically neutral. 2. Hydrogen and oxygen are just two of more than 100 different atoms … the universe, all made … the three main atomic building blocks, neutrons, protons and electrons. 3. Copper is a good electrical conductor so it is used … connecting wires along which electrons flow easily between one device and another. 4. We are interested … what happens … the resistance of silicon when a small amount of an impurity is added …it. 5. She is capable … answering all the questions herself. 6. Concentrate … what you are doing. 7. The electrons … a p-type semiconductor are called minority charge carriers. 8. He is experienced … electronics. 9. The project detects the electric fields associated … static electricity. 10. Static electricity is a natural occurrence most evident … the form … lightning flashes, sparks crackling in clothing when dressing or undressing, and the small electrical shock received when touching a car door.





XIX. Use the verbs in brackets in the required form of the Infinitive.


    1. Free electrons can (move) easily by applying an electrical pressure, or voltage, between the ends of the material.

    2. An electrical force is required (make) an electron move through a conductor.

    3. He pretended (listen) the lecture attentively.

    4. Home Server can (set up) to provide remote access to your files.

    5. The presentation held yesterday seems (have) a success.

    6. He seems (work) at the radio receiver for the last three weeks.

    7. The earliest type of radio receiver appears (design) at the beginning of the last century.

    8. Libraries are often reluctant (allow) very old printed materials or historical manuscripts (scan), especially in cases of rare or unique works that might easily be damaged.

    9. I am happy (sign) the contract with the publishing house Baronet.

    10. Electronic equipment is widely used (diagnose) the cause of illnesses.


XX. Discussion. In pairs discuss the following questions.


Look at the following possible technological advances. Which ones do you think will occur in the next 50 years? Are there any which you think will never happen? Give reasons for your opinions.

  1. a computer that can hold a proper conversation;

  2. a plane that can fly day and night on solar power;

  3. a manned mission to Mars;

  4. an electric car which is as fast as a petrol-powered one;

  5. a device which predicts earthquakes accurately;

  6. a hurricane-proof home.




Unit 6


  1. Сложное подлежащее

  2. Cложное дополнение

  3. Инфинитивный оборот с предлогом for

  4. Текст «Analogue and digital displays»

5. Значения слов either, neither и их сочетаний


I. Find the infinitives and translate the following sentences.


  1. The autonomous transmission mode permits the mobile system to start data transmission at any given time up to a preauthorized maximum data rate. 2. Charles Augustin de Coulomb, born in 1736, was a military engineer in his younger days, but his fondness for scientific engineer led him to formulate the inverse square law of forces between electrically charged spheres. 3. When you stand near a working engine you feel it vibrate. 4. Evolutionary design enables a computer to run through tens of millions of variations on an invention until it hits on the best solution to a problem. 5. A team of researches expect a new light bulb to be much more energy-efficient and to last longer than the devices onto which it is inserted. 6. Very high temperatures often cause certain materials to break. 7. Bad weather conditions make pilots switch over to automatic control. 8. The students heard the professor speak about his experimental work. 9. Recent discoveries in superconductivity made scientists look for new conducting materials and for practical applications of the phenomenon. 10. Photonic crystals let a Canadian firm called Opalux produce electronic paper with bright, sharp colours. 11. All of these models enable online groups of users to organize themselves into niches and charge advertisers for access to them. 12. New gizmos that combine audio guides with satellite tracking let tourists explore cities at their own pace. 13. Tracking services allow parents to pinpoint the location of their children with ease. 14. Nextel enables other firms to build their own software and services on top of its GPS technology. 15. Sprint has launched a service that can let parents know when a child arrives at a particular location, such as school or friend′s house.



II. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Complex Object.

    1. He wishes the work to be done at once. 2. She expected me to follow her advice. 3. They encourage her to apply for a job. 4. They know him to be a responsible person. 5. They advised us to use a new electronic device in this experiment. 6. Ampere supposed the magnetic force to surround a current-carrying conductor. 7. Scientists believe new laser devices to be widely used in medicine. 8. I want you to find me a place in the first row. 9. We know many substances to possess the property of electricity. 10. Many switches in everyday use require a mechanical force to operate them.


III. Translate the sentences paying attention to the for-to-infinitive construction.


    1. It was difficult for him to do anything else. 2. The sun is a power source which makes it possible for man to live on Earth. 3. The noise from the engine was so deafening that it was impossible for passengers to talk with each other. 4. A system of satellites is provided for people to watch the central TV program. 5. There are prospects for lasers to be used in long distance communication and for transmission of energy to space stations. 6. It is possible for a compound to be superconducting even if the chemical elements constituting it are not. 7. ScanRobots made it possible for the Bavarian library to digitize all of the four-century-old books; the scanned books will be put on-line. 8. The time has already come for the automotive companies to install Sirius Radio hardware as optional equipment. 9. In electronic circuits, it is usual for values of current and potential difference to be small while values of resistance are large. 10. When colour television was introduced in the UK in 1967 it was necessary for a colour receiver to display a good monochrome picture, for example of early films. 11. Lots of people are interested in the way the Internet makes it possible for people to organize themselves according to their preferences and habits into tiny niches, access to which can then be bought and sold. 12. GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite technology is provided for tourists to present a narration over the stereo system about the places they pass. 13. Child-friendly mobile phones outfitted with GPS technology are designed especially for parents to track every move of their children. 14. An external circuit provides a path for electrons to return to the p-type material and produce an electric current along the way that continues as long as light strikes the solar cell. 15. I am still waiting for the mail to come.
Источник: https://tut-files.ru/previewfile/123948

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