
94 ❖ Learning to Understand a Medical Text
f
digestive tract. 7. The nervous system regulates and coordinates the work
of the digestive organs.
Часть III
Контрольно-обобщающие упражнения к уроку 5
Упражнение
1.
Найдите
предложения
с
усилительной
конструкциейitis...thatи переведите их.
1. It is known that the abdomen is the largest cavity of the body. 2. It is the
liver that weighs about 1,5 kg. 3. It is essential to explain the anatomy of the
digestive system. 4. It is the nervous system that regulates the activity of
each organ. 5. It is the slippery mucus that protects the esophagus.
(Ответ: 2, 4, 5. Если вы ошиблись, повторите §35 Грамматического
справочника.)

Lesson 3 О-95
Упражнение 2. Найдите и переведите предложения, в которыхanyимеет
значение «любой».
1. Any lymph nodule of the mucous coat has a protective function. 2. Are
there any blood vessels in the mucous coat? 3. Unlike the organs of the
abdominal cavity the esophagus does not possess any serous layer.
4.
Any digestive glands secrete digestive juices that contain special en-
zymes. 5. Are there any large glands in the digestive system?
(Ответ: 1, 4. Если вы ошиблись, повторите § 7 Грамматического
справочника.)
Упражнение 3. Найдите и переведите определительные придаточные
предложения.
1. The upper portion of the stomach which is called the fundus is at the
top. 2. The stomach when it is full becomes pear-shaped. 3. The gastric
juice is unusual for a body fluid as it is strongly acid. 4. The enzymes that the
digestive juices contain take an active part in the process of digestion.
5.
Nutrients are substances that help your body to grow and develop.
(Ответ: 1, 4, 5. Если вы ошиблись, повторите § 29 Грамматического
справочника.)
LESSON SIX
THE URINARY SYSTEM
1.
Эквиваленты модальных глаголов (§ 17)
2.
Употребление форм настоящего времени вместо будущего в
условных и временных придаточных предложениях (§ 30)
3.
Функции и перевод словsince, as(§§ 37,38)
Часть I
Слова к части I
urine[ juarin] п моча urinary[
juarindri] а мочевой urethra
[jus'rirOrd] п мочеиспускательный
канал ureter [jud'rfctd] п

96 ❖ Learning to Understand a Medical Text
f
мочеточник excrete [eks'krfct]
vвыделять excretion [eks'kri:Jn]
nвыделение, отделение,
экскреция fine [fain] а тонкий,
мелкий margin[ ma:d^m] nкрай,
полоса, грань hilus ['haifos]
nворота органа (например,
легких) apex ['eipeks] nверхушка
finndus [ fXnd9s] nдно органа
numerous ['njuimsrgs] а многочис-
ленный
convey [kdn'vei] vпередавать
straight [streit] а прямой
lumbar['1лтЬэ] а поясничный
straighten ['streitn]outувыпрямлять-
bean-shapedа бобовидной формы
(ся), распрямляться)
Упражнения
Упражнение 1. Напишите следующие предложения в a) PastIndefinite;
б)FutureIndefiniteсогласно образцу.
Образец: Неmust pass the examination in anatomy.
i к'
He had to pass the examination in anatomy.
1
He mil have to
pass the examination in anatomy. 1. The students may take all necessary
textbooks from the Institute library. 2. He can help you with your translation.
3. You must repeat the material of the lectures before the examination. 4.
They cannot translate
these articles without a dictionary. ■ . <
I
i ^
Упражнение 2. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголамиcan, may,
must, should.
j,
1. In man, obstruction of the common ductof produce abdominal
symptoms and increase of serum amylase. 2. An ulcer UKjoccur only on an
epithelial or mucosal surface. 3. Appendicitis i^, be of different grades of
intensity. 4. In an attack of acute appendicitis nb food ... be taken by mouth
and no water except in very small sips. 5. There was general agreement that
the patient's diet ... be rich in protein and carbohydrates, but poor in fat. v
(
пилеу
^
Упражнение 3. Замените в следующих предложениях модальные
глаголы их эквивалентами

Lesson 6 О- 97
1. The doctor says that you may walk. 2. The vitamins are substances
which must be found in the diets of animals in order that they can utilize the
organic foodstuffs to best advantage. 3. When the appetite is impaired and
nausea and vomiting are common, meals must be small and be given at
frequent intervals. 4. With the disappearance of symptoms the patient with
infective hepatitis may leave his bed for purposes of toilet. .
Упражнение 4.Переведите следующие предложения. Определите
время глагола-сказуемого в главных и придаточных предложениях.
1. When dehydration occurs from excessive vomiting, parenteral feeding
will be used. 2. If the diagnosis is correct, the patient will be properly treated.
3. If coma develops, the patient will be transferred to hospital as soon as
possible. 4. If some infectious fever is diagnosed, the patient is moved to the
hospital in an ambulance. 5. If you hold your breath, carbon dioxide will
immediately begin to accumulate in the blood.
Упражнение 5. Прочтите и переведите следующие предложения.
Определите, какую функцию выполняет словоas.
1. In the process of metabolism certain waste products must be cast off
as the body has no use for them. 2. The liver clears the body of bilirubin
pigment which is produced as hemoglobin is broken down and red blood
cells are destroyed. 3. Bile acts as an emulsifier, with deter- gent-like effect
on the fats in the duodenum. 4. The pharynx serves as a passage-way for
air from the nasal cavity to the larynx as well as for food. 5. As the man
smells something he likes to eat, the gastric juice is
poured out in large quantities. /,
1\
Упражнение 6. Переведите следующие предложения. Определите,
какую функцию выполняет словоsince.
1. Since penicillin was discovered a vast amount of information has been
accumulated concerning its use. 2. Senna is a favourite cathartic, since it
can be made up into a sweet mass. 3. Since the liver of poliki- lothermic
animals is less demanding than that of mammals, the liver of the frog is
generally used for different kinds of investigations. 4.
IhavestudiedEnglishsince2001.
Упражнение 7. Отработайте чтение следующих предложений.

98 ❖ Learning to Understand a Medical Text
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The urinary 'system is the /system | which ex'cretes the 'largest 'part of
the 'waste 'products of the \body. It con'sists of the /kidneys, | right and \left I,
the /ureters |, a 'tube from each /kidney |, which con'veys the urine to the
\bladder, | the /urethra |, a 'tube | which leads from the /bladder along which
the 'urine is 'passed 'out of the \body.
Упражнение 8. Запомните значение нижеприведенных суффиксов и
префиксов. Образуйте и переведите производные слова согласно
модели.
1. -ment— образует существительные от глаголов: tomoveдвигаться)
— movementдвижение.
to nourish кормить, питать, to improve улучшать(ся), to develop
развиваться)