
200<>Learning to Understand a Medical Text
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^ пражнение 7. Просмотрите текст А и изложите основные факты
текста.
Text A Coronary Heart Disease
1. The coronary blood vessels surrounding the heart have derived
their n.ime from the fact that they encircle the heart like a crown, or
corona. I hese vessels transport almost a half pint of blood every minute
over the nrface of the heart. Any sudden blockage of one of the coronary
arteries deprives that section of the heart of its blood supply. Cardiac
cells die, heart contractions may cease, and circulation may come to a
standstill. If i coronary artery is completely plugged, the condition is.
called a coronary occlusion'or heart at-
Ql
. tack. The vascular
pathologic
disorder itself has been very variable. If the
obstruction is only partial or in
one of the smaller coronary
tributaries, prompt treatment of-
ten leads to the individual's
recovery. An occlusion in main
coronary arteries is very serious
and may cause
Fig. 14.Coronary arteries supplying the
heart.
sudden death 0t
her causes
of the coronary disease in-
lude heavy physical exercise, aging, diatetic habits, obesity, smoking, or
hypertension.
2.
Pain which had been developed in the heart may be due to a blood
- ilow deficiency in the coronary vessels. This is referred to (actually felt
in) i he left arm and shoulder. Such pain from the heart has been called
mgina pectoris. Angina pectoris may not actually be noticed until the
\sork load is too great in relation to the flow in the coronary vessels.
Teople who had experienced it repeatedly often do not feel pain unless i
hey experience strong emotion. Others experience it much of the time.
3.
Fortunately, the great majority of coronary disease patients will
have recovered and have been able to lead active, useful lives, when i
hey receive proper treatment under good medical supervision. There ire
many preparations which have been effective and are under clinical
investigation at the present time. ь
Heart and Artery Diseases
4. Heart and artery diseases have been presently the number one
health problem in the world. Cardiovascular ailments are by far the chief
Supe
ri<
vena
с
Left
coronar
y artery
Might
oronar
y utery

Lesson 10 ^201
causes of illness, disability, and death among both middle-aged and !
elderly people. Among these, coronary heart disease, illness of the blood
' vessels supplying the heart, is responsible for the greatest number of
deaths (over 50 per cent of all cardiovascular diseases). Causes of other
cardiovascular disease deaths, in order of decreasing importance, are
stroke and hypertension. These three diseases are responsible for more
than 80 per cent of all cardiovascular disease deaths.
5.
Like cancer and emphysema, heart diseases appear to be related to
the extension of the average life span. Certain factors are definitely
involved in the high incidence of heart disease - the stress, diets high in
saturated fats, the tendency toward obesity with age, lack of sufficient'
1
physical exercise, and thje incidence of smoking. These factors appear to
relate to a higher incidence of heart desease than in societies lacking |
these characteristics.
4
v
1
• ^
;
6.
The severity and danger of foe art and artery diseases which we
had^ previously described cannot be fninimized; a disease in an arm or
leg may cripple a person, but a disease of the heart may lead to his
death.
Упражнение 9. Прочтите и переведите текст А. Абзацы 2 и 3
переведите \ письменно.
••
I
■ '
' *
'-А
Упражнение 10. Найдите в тексте А ответы на следующие вопросы и!
прочтите их.
v
_
^ j
1. What kinds of cardiovascular diseases have been discribed in text A?
2. What does the sudden blockage of the coronary artery result in? 3. What
are the conditions caused by coronary occlusion? 4. What is
m
angina
pectoris? What do people experience in this condition? 5. Why heart and
artery diseases have been recently the number one health Щproblem in the
world? /
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;
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1
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;
Упражнение 11. Составьте письменно план текста А.

202<>Learning to Understand a Medical Text
Кfj tf
Л
Упражнение 12. Передайте основную мысль абзацев 4 и 5 текста А
одним— двумя предложениями.
Упражнение 13. Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в данные
предложения:fortunately, approximately, also.
I
1. ..., the great majority of coronary disease patients recover and are able
to lead active, useful lives if they receive proper treatment under ] good
medical supervision. 2. ... one fourth of all deaths in the world result from
coronary artery disease. 3. ... it is estimated that more than
/
' ; Lesson 16^ 179
one out of every ten persons suffers some degree of insufficiency of blood
supply to the heart.
Упражнение 14. Дайте синонимы к следующим словам. ' ^ j fj / to cease,
obstruction, illness, serious, majority
Упражнение 15. Прочтите и переведите текст. Объясните употребление
глагольных времен и залога.
• • •
Twenty patients with arterial occlusion have been treated by systematic
infusions since May. In many of these patients the obstruction had been
present for so long
>
that irreversible changes, had already taken
Place.
/ 'tend сOJ<-
Obstruction in eleven patients was of more than twenty-four-hours' duration
and in four was more than forty-eight hours old.
Only eight patients were treated within twenty-four to thirty hours of l he onset
of the obstruction. Of these five (62 per cent) had complete return of circulation.
Return of circulation usually occurred after ten to (welve hours of continuous
intravenous therapy. It became apparent that even though improvement was
obtained by one course of treatment, this did not assure a permanent response.
The reasons for this are probably multiple and include: 1) a nidus of thrombus
may remain on which complete rethrombosis can develop and 2) intimal
damage remains as a source of rethrombosis. For these reasons we have
repeated treatment for two to three days with the expectation that all thrombus
will be eradicated and
the vessel wall will have a chance to repair itself.
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Часть II
Слова к части II
meanvзначить, означать
meaningп значение result [rizAlt] v
(from)быть результатом
displace [dis'pleis] vперемещать
believe [bi'li:v] vполагать,
считать suffer ['sAfe] v
(from)страдать
weakа слабый
weakenvослаблять rupture
['rAptfa] nразрыв; vразрывать
haemorrhage ['hemsridj]
nкровотечение; vкровоточить