
264 ❖ Learning To Discuss Medicine £
school. Students in small groups meet their teachers in the wards and in
the out-patient departments where they participate in the treatment Of
patients.
v
At the end of four years all students receive the Degree of Doctor of \
Medicine, that is the M.D. Then they must work for one year as interns, This
course of training at the hospital or clinic is called an internship.
Dr. Smirnov: Dr. Nelson, yesterday we spoke about the work of you^ig
doctors. You told us thatbfter their internship young doctors must have a
period of residency at the clinic^ For how many years must a doctor work
as a resident?
*
Dr. Nelson: First of all, the period of residency is obligatory for all
medical graduates. This period varies, depending on the specialty of the
doctor. Generally, the period of residency is three or four years. For
instance, residency in surgery and neurosurgery in the Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine lasts four years. Residency in internal medicine,

Medical Education in the USA ❖ 265
preventive medicine and radiology- lasts for three years. After the resi-
dency, the graduate is granted a licence to practice and he may work cither
in government service or in private practice.
Sasha Nikiforov: Dr. Nelson, what is the cost of medical education in
America?
Dr. Nelson: Well, medical schools are gradually increasing their tuition
Гееin all the universities of the USA. Only a small percentage of the
students receive scholarships. The majority of the students have to work to
pay for their studies. The government-financed universities charge less,
while the tuition of the private colleges and universities is extremely high.
For instance, when I was a student (and it's much higher now), the cost of
medical studies for one academic year at the Medical School of Cornell
University in New York, which is privately endowed, was as follows: Tuition
— 9,100 dollars; books, instruments, etc. - 600 dollars; food
-
1,800 dollars; lodging and utilities - 1,400 dollars; health service fee
-
200 dollars; hospital insurance — 143 dollars, personal - 1,200. All in all
it amounted to 14,443 dollars. These figures represent what used to he a
typical budget for an academic year.
The Dean of the Medical Faculty thanked Dr. Nelson and his colleagues
for the talk and invited them to visit the clinics of the Academy.
Active Words and Word Combinations
higher education (syn. higher
learning) высшееобразование
in the first (second) year на
первом (втором) курсе
medicalschoolамер.
медицйнский институт
pre-medsстуденты младших
курсов медицинского
института

266 ❖ Learning To Discuss Medicine £
admissionstestвступительное
тестирование
admissionscommitteeприемная
комиссия
multiple-choicetestтестовый
экзамен с ответами в виде
множественного выбора
affiliated with/to a medical
school
зд. принадлежащий
мединституту, входящий в
структуру института
participate (syn. takepart)
участвовать
DegreeofDoctorofMedicine, M.D.
доктор медицины, (экв.
русскому «Врач») звание,
которое получают
выпускники американских
медицинских вузов
personalinterviewличное
собеседование
residentординатор, врач,
проходящий специализацию
residencyрезидентура
(ординатура), специализация
acceptпринимать
(о beacceptedбыть принятым

252 ❖ Learning To Discuss Medicine £
Упражнение 9. Прочтите методические указания к курсу физиологии
для студентов 2 курса медицинского факультета Университета
Джонса
Хопкинса.
Расскажите,
какорганизованэтоткурсввашеминституте.
The department provides instruction in cell physiology and systems
physiology for second year medical students. The general subject of
physiology and certain aspects of biophysics are presented to the second
year medical students in lectures given two times a week during the
second trimester, and five times weekly throughout the third trimester.
During the second trimester lectures on the general properties of cells
are delivered. Lectures of the third trimester are devoted to systems of
mammalian physiology. During the third trimester laboratory experiments
are carried out on two days of each week by students in small groups,
under the supervision of the teaching staff. The laboratory work of each
week is summarized in small group conferences at which the significance
of the findings is reviewed and discussed. Seminars in renal and
electrolyte physiology are held throughout the third trimester, with an
emphasis on clinical problems and pathological physiology.
Упражнение 10. Группа американских студентов беседует со
студентами 2 курса Московской медицинской академии. Выступите в
роли переводчика, Используйте в вашем переводе данные в скобках
слова и словосочетания.
Игорь: Мы знаем, что вы — студенты-медики из Балтимора. Как
называется ваше учебное заведение (medicalschool)?
Alan: We study at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicinc
(медицинскийинститут).
Игорь: Скажите, пожалуйста, Алан, Джонс Хопкинс был
известным американским ученым?
Alan: Oh, no. Johns Hopkins was a merchant (коммерсант) of Bal-
timore who gave 7,000,000 dollars for the establishment (^снование) of
a university and a hospital. And in 1876, three years after Johns Hopkins'
death, the Medical School of the University began its work.