Материал: Вайнштейн - Английский язык
Lesson 10 ^189
(windpipe) to the branchial tubes and into the lungs. Autopsies of
hundreds of human lungs have shown that it is precisely in these areas of
maximum, exposure that precancerous changed are most likely to
uppear.
Thus there are some relationships between smoking, lung cancer, and
many other respiratory conditions. Furthermore, cigarette smoke is itself
an irritant. Heavy smokers feel this irritation in their throats and will be
developing «smoker's cough» after a few years of smoking.
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190<>Learning to Understand a Medical Text
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Notes
1. commoncoldпростуда
Упражнение 2. Найдите в тексте В предложения, более полно
выражающие мысль данных суждений, и прочтите их.
1. The cigarette consumption has been subject to certain factors. 2.
Few smokers realize the degree of damage to their bodies associated
with cigarette smoking. 3. Allergic reaction to smoke is common. 4. Ta-
bacco contains hundred chemical compounds. 5.
Cigarettesmokeisanirritant.
Упражнение 3. Используя нижеприведенные слова и предыдущее
упражнение в качестве плана, изложите основное содержание
текста В.
for example, despite, recently, in fact, moreover, at least, to be likely,
also, thus, furthermore
Часть III
Контрольно-обобщающее упражнение к уроку 17
Укажите, в каких предложениях глагол-сказуемое стоит в форме
страдательного залога во временах группы Continuous.
1. Neither antibiotic was being used in the course of treatment. 2. Now
everything is done to prevent respiratory diseases. 3. 10 of twenty exper-
imental patients who thought that they were inhaling irritants or allergens
developed chronic asthma. 4. We were giving penicillin to the patients
with bronchitis from April to May and came to the conclusion that it is not
helpful in this case. 5. A new drug is being tested successfully at the
Department of clinical pharmacology. 6. The percentage of patients with
serum hepatitis has been increasing since the first publication,
(Ответ: 1, 5. Если вы ошиблись, повторите § 14 Грамматического
справочника.)
Lesson 10 ^191
LESSONEIGHTEEN ------------- ------------------------------------------------------
JAUNDICE. PEPTICULCER
Повторение: Модальные глаголыcan, may, mustи
их эквиваленты (§ 17)
Lesson 10 ❖ 192
Упражнения
Упражнение 1. Напишите
следующие предложения:
а) в прошедшем нремени;
б) в будущем времени.
Переведитепредложения.
1. You must follow all the new
important medical researches in your Held. 2. By means of spirometry the
dynamic lung volumes may be assessed without difficulty. 3. He must
investigate a series of case reports before the lecture. 4. You may take
your analyses in the laboratory. 5. Chronic inhalation of cadmium fumes
can cause chronic progressive emphysema.
Упражнение 2. Переведите следующие предложения с модальными
глаголами:can, could, may, might, must, shall.
1. We could not detect any antibiotic activity in the sputum of our
patients. 2. The pre-treatment strains of two patients may be assumed 10
be sensitive to streptomicin. 3. Thinking about asthma or hearing a
description of an attack can even provoke asthma. 4. Every physician
must know the pathology of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. S. Heavy
physical activity shall not be resumed within the first three months after an
attack of myocardial infarction. 6. Professor explained lhat dogs inhaling
cigarette smoke over long periods might develop lung damage.
Упражнение
3.Дайтеисходныесловакнижеприведеннымпроизводным, simulation,
population, lining, investigation, accompanying
Упражнение 4. Прочтите и переведите данные гнезда слов.
1. to investigate — investigator, investigation, investigatory; 2. bile -
biliary, bile-stained, bile-stone; 3. to complicate - complicated, un-
complicated, complication; 4. serum — sera, serous
Часть I
Слова к части I
complication [kompli'keijn]
nосложнение complicatedа
сложный uncomplicatedа
неосложненный owing ['ouiq]
toprepблагодаря whereas
[wesr'aez]conjтогда как
jaundice ['(feomdis] п желтуха
obvious ['obvias]а очевидный bile
[bail] п желчь biliary ['biljsn] а
желчный serum ['siaram] п
сыворотка investigate [investigeit]
vисследовать investigation
[in,vesti'geijn] nисследование
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Упражнение 5. Прочтите и переведите данные словосочетания.
г.
^
' ' , - • ^ с ,, ■ ^
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bile duct, bile colic (calculus), complicated system (problem, mech-
anism, apparatus), complicated disease
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Упражнение 6. Просмотрите текст А и скажите, сколько типов
желтухи описано в тексте.
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Jaundice
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\. Perhaps the most obvious symptom that may iesult from disease of
the liver or biliary passages is jaundice, and the estimation of the level of
bilirubin in the serum is to be therefore frequently carried out in the
investigation of a case of liver disease! V«
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2. The fact that sera from different cases of jaundice can give different
types of reaction has been used as a basis for differentiating between
different types of jaundice. Jaundice should be divided into three main
types, viz.: obstructive jaundice, hepatocellular or «toxic» jaundice (with
or without some degree of accompanying obstruction) and haemolytic
jaundice. In uncomlicated obstructive jaundice, liver function is largely or
wholly normal, so that the bile pigments are excreted normally into the
bile passages; but owing to the presence of some obstruction (either a
stone impacted in the common bile duct, or obliteration of the duct by a
carcinoma of the head of the pancreas) the bile is unable to enter the
duodenum and has instead to be re-absorbed into the circulation. In
hepatocellular jaundice the function of the liver cells is changed so that
they can not excrete the normal amount of bile pigment reaching them in
the blood stream. In this case bilirubin level gradually rises. Iri haemolytic
jaundice the excessive amounts of bile pigment (which aite formed as a
result of the excessive red cell destruction) are incompletely excreted by
the liver cells and have been re-absorbed from the obstructive bile