Материал: doichik_oia_moods_theory_and_practice
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6.Get me some coffee_____________________________________
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7.Hold your breath________________________________________
8.Come tomorrow________________________________________
9.Stop shouting__________________________________________
10.Find a job_____________________________________________
4.Write double imperatives with and
1.Come / see_____________________________________________
2.Go / buy_______________________________________________
3.Try / get_______________________________________________
4.Wait / see______________________________________________
5.Go / bring_____________________________________________
5.Change the sentences using be / don’t be
1.Pretend to be a monster__________________________________
2.You are making too much noise____________________________
3.Don‟t act like an idiot____________________________________
4.You are a coward_______________________________________
5.You are greedy_________________________________________
Self-study task:
Change the if-clauses into imperatives (use or / otherwise / and / or else)
1.If you give him instructions he will cope with the task__________
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2.If you don‟t take a coat, you will get cold____________________
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3.If you don‟t hurry up, you will be late for the film______________
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4.If you don‟t stop smoking, you will have lung diseases__________
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5.If you don‟t start reading now, you will not have finished reading by the evening__________________________________________
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6.If you don‟t stop acting as an idiot, I‟ll go away!_______________
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LESSON 2. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES. REAL CONDITION.
PROBLEMATIC CONDITION
Conditional Sentences
A conditional sentence is a complex sentence with a subordinate clause of condition that usually begins with the conjunction If. The clause of condition (the if-clause) indicates the conditions under which the action in the main clause may be realized. Conditional sentences are usually divided into the following types:
Structures with real condition:
Type 0. Refers to the present (in general) |
If you heat ice, it melts. |
Type 1. Refers to the future |
If the weather is fine, we’ll go for a walk |
Structures with unreal condition: |
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Type 2. Refers to the present or future |
If it were summer now, we could go to |
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the beach |
Type 3. Refers to the past |
If they had followed your instructions, |
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they wouldn’t have got lost. |
Mixed types |
If you had had your breakfast, you |
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wouldn’t be hungry now |
Real condition
Conditional sentences with real condition express real, true to fact conditions under which the action in the main clause can be realized. The tenses of the indicative mood are used. In most cases, conditions refer to the present or future, but other situations and tenses are also possible.
e.g. If I have enough time tonight, I will help you. They will bring his book if they find it.
If you want to pass your exams, you must study. You may go home if you have finished your work.
If he talked to her yesterday, he told her about our plan.
Common Structures with Real Condition:
Type 0. Refers to the present.
Statements about the real world, Plants die if they don't get enough water.
often general truths, such as scientific |
If you mix red and blue, you get purple. |
facts. In these sentences, the time is |
If you heat ice, it melts. |
now or always and the situation is real |
The grass gets wet when it rains. |
and possible. |
If people eat too much, they get fat. |
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If you touch a fire, you get burned. |
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People die if they don't eat. |
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If (When) + |
Present |
... Present |
Snakes bite if they are scared |
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Simple |
Simple |
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Instructions |
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When Bill phones, tell him to meet me at |
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the cinema. |
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If (When) + |
Present |
… Imperative |
Ask Pete if you're not sure what to do. |
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If you want to come, call me before 5:00 |
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Simple |
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Type 1. Refers to the future |
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Statements about the real, |
Be: If I’m better tomorrow, I’ll get up |
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factual conditions under which the |
Have: If I have a headache, I won’t go |
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action in the main clause can be |
Present Simple: If they come earlier, we’ll |
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realized. |
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have a party |
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Present Continuous: If he is standing in |
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If + Present |
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… shall / will do / be |
the rain, he will catch cold |
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Tenses |
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Present Perfect: If she has arrived at the |
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(condition |
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(future likely |
station, she’ll be here soon; If I've finished |
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to be satisfied) |
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outcome) |
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my work by ten, I'll probably watch a film |
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Present Perfect Continuous: If he has |
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been travelling all night, he’ll need a rest. |
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Modals: If I can afford it, I’ll buy it. |
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*Note: Future tenses in the main clause: |
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If I don’t run, The train will have left |
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If I stay till May, I’ll have been working |
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here for 20 years. |
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If he gets there on time, they’ll be having |
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lunch between 1 and 2 o’clock. |
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Problematic Condition referring to |
If you should see her, say hello |
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the future: |
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If he should succeed, no one will be more |
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Statements about the facts that are |
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pleased than me |
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unlikely to happen in the future, or the |
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Should you be in |
Ivano-Frankivsk, |
I’ll be |
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speaker is doubtful about, |
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glad to see you |
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Formal polite tactful instructions / |
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Should you be |
interested in our |
offer, |
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offers, found in business letters or |
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please contact us |
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formal conversations. |
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Should you not wish our agent to call, |
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If + should / |
… |
Future tense / |
please let us know |
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Should (not) |
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Imperative |
likely / neutral |
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Mood) |
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If you |
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If you should |
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Should you |
see her… |
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If you happen to |
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Should you happen to |
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Should you by any chance happen to |
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unlikely / very tactful |
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EXERCISES:
1.Translate the following sentences and comment on the use of the tenses and the modal verbs:
1.If you finish earlier, you can call me.
2.If they are arriving tomorrow, I might get everything ready today.
3.If he has already arrived, we should inform the others.
4.If she has been working, you ought to let her rest.
5.If he cannot understand it, you must explain.
6.If it‟s possible tomorrow, we might come and help you.
7.If I hear from him soon, I may be leaving the next week.
8.If she is abroad, she may not have got our parcel yet.
9.If you see her next time, you ought to be more attentive.
10.If you should be in town, you must visit us!
2.Insert the verbs
1.If it ________ (be) warm tomorrow, we ________ (go) for a walk
2.If I ________ (have) time tonight, I ________ (watch) my favourite film
3.If he ________ (leave) today, he ________ (be) there tomorrow
4.If it ________ (rain) next weekend, we ________ (be able to) plant the vegetables
5.If she ________ (work) for the whole month, she ________ (need) to go on vacation.
6.If they ________ (come) on time, they ________ (have lunch) between 12 and 1 pm.
7.If you ________ (can‟t do) it for me, I ________ (ask) someone else
8.If John ________ (be picked) for the team, he ________ (boast) about it for weeks
9.If we ________ (stay) in this house till June, we ________ (live) here for 10 years
10.If you ________ (do) the task yet, ________ (ask) him to help you.
3.Insert the verbs in the if-clause and use modals (can / could / may / might / should / ought to / must) in the main clause
1.If you ________ (feel) unwell, you ________ stay in bed
2.If he ________ (finish) his translation by 5 pm, he ________ have dinner with us
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3.If she ________ (have) too much to do, she ________ ask me for help
4.If it ________ (be) possible tomorrow, we ________ meet
5.If she ________ (be coming) tonight, I ________ reserve a room for her
6.If he ________ (just arrive), he ________ (hear) the news yet.
7.If you ________ (disagree) on some points, you ________ be more tolerant
8.If they ________ (be waiting) for long, they ________ (get) irritated.
9.If she ________ (ask) you, you ________ not tell her
10.If I ________ (have) everything settled, I ________ be leaving tomorrow.
Self-study task:
Translate the sentences
1.Якщо просиш ввічливо, люди охоче допомагають тобі.
2.Якщо ти не заплатиш, то електрику відключать.
3.Якщо вона справиться з усією роботою до обіду, ми зможемо пообідати разом.
4.Якщо ти не знайомий з людиною, не говори про неї нічого.
5.Якщо завтра до вечора я отримаю відповіді, я зможу розпланувати нашу конференцію.
6.Якщо ти все ж-таки знатимеш щось про неї, напиши мені.
7.Якщо він все ж-таки подзвонить, не варто брати трубку.
8.Якщо знижується температура, ми вмикаємо опалення.
9.На випадок, якщо вона тебе все ж запитає, не можна нічого розказувати.
10.У випадку, якщо я запізнюся, можете не чекати на мене.
11.Ти допоможеш, якщо я попрошу?
12.Не відповідай на дзвінки, поки мене нема.
13.Якщо маєш вільний час, читай.
14.Я зможу відповісти тобі, коли перевірю інформацію.
15.Якщо продукти зберігати в теплі, вони швидко псуються.
16.Якщо я працюю, не можна мене турбувати
17.Якщо я пропрацюю тут ще рік, то працюватиму тут вже 20 років
18.Якщо вона вже тричі дзвонила, то ситуація напевно серйозна.
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