Материал: doichik_oia_moods_theory_and_practice
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3.Due to his patience the argument was averted_________________
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4.The film was very interesting, so we convinced her to come with us_____________________________________________________
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5.Due to her help we managed to edit all the articles_____________
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6.I had the job I liked, that‟s why I didn‟t move to another city with my family________________________________________________
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7.Due to her bad luck she missed the last train__________________
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8.Because she was ill, the team lost___________________________
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9.Due to your umbrella I didn‟t get wet through_________________
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10.The text was too long, so we didn‟t finish translating it in class___
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Self-study task:
Translate the sentences. Use modals where necessary
1.Якби вона вже отримала повідомлення, нас би попередили
2.Якби він зміг переконати батьків, то не залишився би вдома
3.Якби ви приїхали швидше, то не запізнилися б на початок вистави
4.Ти б мабуть зустрів її, якби вона там була
5.Ми могли б допомогти, якби вони попросили
6.Якби я могла повернути час назад, я б сказала їй усе
7.Якби він здав іспити протягом першої сесії, він зміг би поїхати з нами за кордон
8.Вона мала б нас повідомити, якби щось змінилося
9.Якби ти попередила мене, що купила квитки, я б не купляла
10.Якби він не запитав, чи я приєднаюся до них за вечерею, мені б не довелося вигадувати виправдання
11.Якби ти змогла бути більш толерантною з ними, ми б не потрапили в таку халепу
12.Якби не твої коментарі, нас би не вигнали з концертної зали.
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LESSON 5. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES. MIXED TYPES. CONJUNCTIONS (unless, providing that, etc.)
It is possible for the two parts of a conditional sentence to refer to different times, and the resulting sentence is a "mixed conditional" sentence. Depending on the context, any tense sequence is possible.
Mixed Structures in Conditional Sentences:
Unreal past |
condition and its |
probable result in the present |
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If + had done / |
… would be / do |
had been |
could be / do |
Type 3 |
Type 2 |
Unreal present situation and its probable (but unreal) past result. In these mixed conditional sentences, the time in the If-clause is now (condition contrary to present reality) or always (condition contrary to the present state that can‟t be changed) and the time in the main clause is before now.
If +did / were / … |
would have done / |
had |
would have been |
Type 2 |
Type 3 |
Past advice of the type „If I were you‟
If I were you / her … |
would have done / |
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would have been |
Type 2 |
Type 3 |
If I had worked harder at school, I would have a better job now.
If we had looked at the map we wouldn't be lost.
If you had caught that plane you would be dead now.
If I weren't afraid of spiders, I would have picked it up.
If I didn't trust him I would have left him months ago.
If she wasn't afraid of flying she wouldn't have travelled by boat.
I'd have been able to translate the letter if my Italian were better.
If I were a good cook, I'd have invited them to lunch.
If I were tall, I could have become a model
If I were you, I would not have moved out
(=you shouldn‟t have moved out)
If I were Ann, I would have quit (=I think Ann should have quit)
Conjunctions in Conditional Sentences
Unless = ‘except, on the condition that’ If not = unless in „real‟ situations
Type 1:
If you do not change your mind, I won’t take part
Unless you change your mind, I won’t
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take part (an ultimatum) |
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If not ≠ unless in „unreal‟ situations: |
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She would be nice, if she didn’t complain |
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I’ll be surprised if he doesn’t win |
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If not ≠ unless in past references: |
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I couldn’t have got there on time – unless |
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I had caught an earlier train (=the |
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speaker didn’t get to the meeting, unless |
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introduces an afterthought) |
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I couldn’t have got there on time if I had |
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not caught an earlier train (=the speaker |
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did get to the meeting, because he did |
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catch the earlier train) |
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Unless in short answers: |
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Will you help me? – Yes, If I can; - No, |
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not unless you pay me |
as long as / so long as |
As / So long as you clean the room, you |
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can open the box |
assuming that |
Assuming (that) she’s a nurse, she could |
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know what to do. |
even if |
He’ll definitely help, even if he has no |
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money left |
if only |
If only he gets his job, it will make me |
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happy (type 1) |
on the condition that |
They would lend us their flat on (the) |
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condition (that) we looked after it |
provided/providing that |
Providing / Provided (that) the shop is |
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open, we’ll buy the doll. |
suppose that / supposing that |
Suppose / Supposing (that) we miss the |
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train. What shall we do? |
what if |
What if she gets to know it? What will she |
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do?(type1) |
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What if you ran out of money? What |
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would you do? (type 2) |
say |
Say you were to move out? Where would |
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you go?(type 2) |
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Say he was here on that day? What would |
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have happened?(type 3) |
if so / if not / in which case |
I may be busy, in which case I’ll call you |
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later |
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I may be busy. If so (in that case), I’ll call |
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you later |
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He may be busy. If not, can I see him |
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now? |
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whether or not |
Whether he comes back or not (Whether |
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or not he comes back), I’ll go on without |
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his help (type 1) |
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You’ll have to put up with it, whether you |
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like it or not (type 1) |
Implied conditionals |
Type 1: |
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With luck, we’ll be here tomorrow (=if |
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we are lucky) |
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Given time, they’ll probably agree (=if |
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we give them time) |
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Type 2: |
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To hear him talk, you would think he was |
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responsible (=if you could hear him talk) |
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I would write to you, but I don’t know |
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your address (=If I knew) |
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But for you, I wouldn’t be happy (=If I |
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didn’t have you) |
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Type 3: |
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Without your help, I couldn’t have done it |
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(=If you hadn’t helped) |
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But for the rain, we would have gone out |
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(=If it hadn’t rained) |
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In different circumstances, I would have |
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said yes (=If the circumstances had been |
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different) |
EXERCISES:
1.Write conditionals to match the situations
1.I am very tired, I have been working all day__________________
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2.I think you shouldn‟t have come so early__________________
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3.He didn‟t eat, that‟s why he is hungry_____________________
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4.She is too shy, so she didn‟t have many friends at school_______
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5.They were absent last time, that‟s why they don‟t understand what we are talking about____________________________________
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6.It‟s too cold outside, because it has been raining______________
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7.It is rather slippery, that‟s why she has fallen down___________
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8.He didn‟t manage to find the required files, that is why he is so mad____________________________________________________
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9.You wasted too much money yesterday, so you can‟t afford dinner today______________________________________________
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10.You don‟t know her, that‟s why you said those things__________
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11.I didn‟t believe you because I know who you are______________
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12.The performance went poorly, that‟s why he is sad____________
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13.She pretended she didn‟t see me, so I‟m mad at her now________
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14.He said he would rather go to the woods, so I think he is there now.____________________________________________________
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Self-study task:
Translate the sentences using conjunctions
1.Як тільки вона зателефонує, повідом мене
2.Якщо припустити, що він виїхав учора, він напевно прибуде сьогодні після обіду
3.Навіть якби він був і мільйонером, вона б не вийшла за нього заміж
4.Якби ж тільки ти розуміла, наскільки серйозною є ця ситуація
5.За умови, що не видаси секрет, я покажу тобі подарунок, який я готую
6.За умови, якщо квитки ще не розкупили, ми можемо піти увечері на виставу
7.Припустімо, ти загубилася. Кого запитати?
8.А що якби він не сказав тоді тих слів? Вони б були ще досі разом?
9.Якщо ти не припиниш курити, я покину тебе
10.Можливо, я дізнаюся результат, в цьому випадку я дам тобі знати
11.Чи переможе вона, чи ні, ми все одно підтримаємо її.
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