Материал: doichik_oia_moods_theory_and_practice
LESSON 6. CONDITIONAL MOOD. SENTENCE PATTERNS
Conditional Mood |
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Present → would do / would be |
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Past → would have done / would have been |
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Conditional Mood can be used in the following sentence patterns to |
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express unreal situations: |
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But for |
Present → |
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But for the rain, the weather |
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But for smth, |
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smb would do / be |
would be nice today |
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Past → |
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But for the rain, the picnic |
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But for smth, |
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smb would have |
would have been nice |
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done |
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yesterday |
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Otherwise |
Present → |
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She must be sleeping, |
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otherwise, he would be online |
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(….), otherwise smb would do |
now |
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He must have learned the |
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speech by heart, otherwise he |
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wouldn’t be speaking so well |
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now |
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He is a student, I think. |
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Otherwise he wouldn’t attend |
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classes |
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Past → |
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She must have forgotten, |
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otherwise she would have |
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(……) otherwise smb would have |
come |
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done |
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It was his idea. Otherwise he |
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wouldn’t have insisted so |
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much |
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Infinitive |
Present → |
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To meet her would be nice |
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To stop now would mean |
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To do sth |
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would do / be |
losing everything |
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Past → |
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To have helped her wouldn’t |
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have cost you much. Why |
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To have done sth |
would have |
didn’t you? |
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done / been |
To have refused would have |
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hurt the old people, that’s |
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why I didn’t refuse |
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I wish |
Future wishes / general wishes / polite |
I wish you would be more |
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imperative / complaining about the |
quiet (polite imperative) |
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present situation / regret → |
If only we could be together |
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(regret) |
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Smb1 wish(es) |
smb2 would / could |
I wish she would come |
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(not) do / be |
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tomorrow (=that would be |
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nice) |
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*Note: would expresses willingness, |
I wish he would come |
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could expresses ability |
tomorrow (future wish) |
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I wish he could come |
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tomorrow (=he cannot) |
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Wish + would do / be is used when |
I wish you would stop |
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we want something to change or |
reading my diary |
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somebody else to do sth (the object is |
He wishes the car would |
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always different) |
start immediately |
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We wish our neighbours |
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would not argue all the time |
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wish + could + the perfect infinitive |
I wish I could have helped |
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is used to express regret about the past |
her. (=I couldn't help her). |
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situations in which ability to do |
I wish I could have visited |
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something was indicated. |
her yesterday (=I couldn't |
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visit her yesterday). |
EXERCISES:
1.Write sentences with the Conditional mood to match the situations
1.It was a rainy day, so we didn‟t go outside___________________
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2.Thank you for your advice. It helped me make the right choice__
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3.He is ill, that‟s why I‟m here______________________________
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4.He must have forgotten to meet them. That‟s why they are calling
________________________________________________________
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5.I think it‟s a silly idea to go to the woods at night_____________
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6.She doesn‟t want to leave. So, she didn‟t pack the things_______
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7.He didn‟t mean us to join them for lunch. That‟s why he didn‟t suggest that______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
8.You shouldn‟t stop. You‟ll get lost_________________________
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9.I couldn‟t tell her. It would have broken her heart_____________
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10.He made many mistakes. That‟s why his speech wasn‟t perfect__
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11.They must have got the message. That‟s why they have come___
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12.He is bad-tempered. That‟s why he his lonely________________
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Self-study task:
Translate the sentences
1.Якби не її акцент, ми б і не здогадалися, що вона іноземка
2.Мабуть він не встиг на потяг, інакше приїхав би ще зранку
3.Якби не її талант до малювання, вона б не думала про вступ до художньої школи
4.Вони напевно переїхали. Інакше ворота були б відчиненими
5.Мабуть, тут лише один магазин. Інакше там би не було такої великої черги щоразу
6.Якби не голосна музика в автобусі, я б поспала дорогою додому
7.Погодитися на участь у проекті означало відкласти усі інші справи на довгий термін. Тому я відмовився
8.Переїхати в інше місто було б занадто важко для неї
9.Якби не переклад, який я маю здати завтра, я б поїхала сьогодні з вами в гори
10.Якби ж люди припинили постійно смітити!
11.Вони точно вдома, інакше світло не було б увімкнене
12.Якби ж ти могла зрозуміти те, про що я кажу.
13.Якби не парасоля, яку ми позичили, ми б змокли до нитки
14.Якби ж він не залишав свої речі всюди
15.Мабуть він планує стати лікарем. Інакше не читав би постійно медичні книги
16.Якби ж нарешті припинився дощ
17.Якби не допомога перехожого, ми б не знайшли той готель
18.Мабуть вона заблукала, інакше уже б була тут
19.Він напевно не сподівався нас там зустріти, інакше не був би таким здивованим.
20.Якби ж наші сусіди нарешті припинили сваритися!
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LESSON 7. SUBJUNCTIVE II. SENTENCE PATTERNS
Subjunctive II |
Present → V2 / did / were |
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Past → had done / had been |
Subjunctive II Mood can be used in the following sentence patterns to express unreal situations:
I wish / If |
Present → |
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I wish you were here |
only |
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If only I could help him |
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Smb wish(es) |
smb were/ did / |
He will wish he knew her |
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could |
better |
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Past → |
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I wish I hadn’t eaten so much |
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They wished they hadn’t come |
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Smb wish(es) |
smb had been / |
so late |
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had done |
You will wish you had not |
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followed her advice |
It’s (high) |
Present→ |
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It’s high time you were more |
time |
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attentive |
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It’s (high) time |
smb did sth |
It’s time he changed his watch |
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*Note: It’s time + Infinitive (it’s |
*We’ve enjoyed the evening, |
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due time) |
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but it’s time for us to go (=it’s |
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It’s time + Subjunctive II |
time for us to go right now) |
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(it should have been done |
We’ve enjoyed the evening, |
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before, criticism, advice) |
but it’s time we went (=we |
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should probably have left |
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before now) |
Look / |
Present → |
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She acts as if she had the |
behave / |
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permission |
act… as if |
looks(s) |
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They look as if they were poor |
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Smb behave(s) |
as if |
smb did smth |
She looks as if she were |
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act(s) |
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/ were |
holding back tears |
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Past → |
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They will behave as if nothing |
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had happened |
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looks(s) |
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She acted as if she had not |
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Smb behave(s) |
as if |
smb had don |
heard it before |
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She looks as if she had been |
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act(s) |
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had been |
hurt |
Would |
Present → (subject and object |
I would rather you were quiet |
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rather |
should be different) |
now |
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He’d rather we were together |
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Smb1 would rather |
smb2 did / |
She’d rather the kids walked |
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were |
more every day |
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Past → (subject and object should |
I’d rather you hadn’t been so |
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be different) |
rude yesterday |
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He’d rather the letters had |
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Smb1 would rather smb2 had done |
been sent to him |
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/ had been |
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EXERCISES:
1.Write sentences with I wish / If only
1.My watch is bad_______________________________________
2.I don‟t know the answer_________________________________
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3.He is not here_________________________________________
4.They aren‟t attentive____________________________________
5.I didn‟t follow your advice, I will regret that_________________
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6.He didn‟t come to the meeting____________________________
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7.We wasted our time_____________________________________
8.He didn‟t phone her yesterday, he will regret that_____________
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9.I‟m not on holiday now__________________________________
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10.She didn‟t translate the text_______________________________
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2.Write sentences with It’s (high) time
1.Ann and Pete have been engaged for many years.______________
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2.We haven‟t been out for an evening together__________________
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3.It‟s too late. You should go home___________________________
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4.Your room is very dirty___________________________________
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5.She hasn‟t had a rest for too long___________________________
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3.Write sentences with would rather to express personal preference
1.Я б хотів стати пілотом
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